EU Alternative to Twitter/X

Mastodon

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by Mastodon

Mastodon is a decentralized social network created in 2016 by Eugen Rochko in Jena, Germany. It operates on the ActivityPub protocol, meaning anyone can run their own server (instance) that federates with the broader network — similar to how email works. There is no central company, no ads, and no algorithmic feed. Mastodon grew to over 10 million users after Twitter's acquisition by Elon Musk, and is governed by a German non-profit (Mastodon gGmbH).

Pleroma

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by Pleroma

Pleroma is a European messaging app designed to enhance communication through a federated network, allowing users to connect across various platforms. It offers a customizable user interface and supports rich media, ensuring a dynamic and personalized user experience. Pleroma stands out with its commitment to privacy, utilizing GDPR-compliant data handling and offering self-hosting capabilities for complete user control. The app is built on the ActivityPub protocol, ensuring seamless integration with other federated services. Ideal for privacy-conscious individuals and organizations, Pleroma provides robust user-controlled content moderation and secure data management. Hosting data within the EU ensures compliance with stringent privacy regulations, offering peace of mind to users concerned about data sovereignty. Pleroma's pricing model is flexible, catering to both individual users and larger organizations seeking a secure and customizable messaging solution.