GDPR Compliance Risk
OneDrive is a US-based service subject to the CLOUD Act. EU organizations using this service risk non-compliance with GDPR data transfer requirements.
Microsoft's cloud storage service integrated with Windows and Microsoft 365. Offers file sync, sharing, and collaboration features.
Since the landmark Schrems II ruling in 2020, transferring personal data to US-based services like OneDrive has become a significant legal risk for EU organizations. The US CLOUD Act gives American authorities the power to access data held by US companies, regardless of where that data is physically stored โ even if it's in an EU data center.
While the EU-US Data Privacy Framework (DPF) adopted in 2023 provides a new legal basis for transfers, privacy experts and legal scholars have raised concerns about its long-term viability. The framework could face the same fate as its predecessors (Safe Harbor and Privacy Shield), both of which were struck down by the Court of Justice of the EU.
For organizations that want to eliminate compliance risk entirely, switching to a European-based cloud storage is the most straightforward solution. Below are the best GDPR-compliant alternatives to OneDrive, all headquartered in Europe with data stored in EU data centers.
US authorities can access your data stored by OneDrive, even if servers are located in Europe.
Non-compliant data transfers can result in fines up to 4% of annual global revenue under GDPR Article 83.
5 GDPR-compliant European alternatives available with full EU data residency.
European services with full GDPR compliance and EU data residency
by Fenritec
Good all in one for OneDrive,SharePoint,Veambackup alternative. Very transparent and inform you right from the start where you are storing your data : You need to select 2 providers and the location (FR/DE/LU). HQ located in France. Uses Scaleway OVH and Cyclop
by Nextcloud GmbH
Nextcloud is a self-hosted cloud storage solution designed to provide secure and compliant data management for individuals and organizations. It offers end-to-end encryption for files, ensuring that your data remains private and protected. With GDPR-compliant data processing, Nextcloud is an ideal choice for those prioritizing data sovereignty and privacy, especially within the European Union. Key features include version control for file revisions, collaborative document editing, and two-factor authentication support, making it a robust tool for both personal and professional use. The platform is extensible with third-party apps, allowing users to customize their experience according to their needs. Nextcloud is suitable for businesses, educational institutions, and privacy-conscious individuals who require a reliable and secure cloud storage solution. With cross-platform mobile and desktop apps, users can access their data anytime, anywhere. Pricing varies based on the deployment model, with options for both free and enterprise-level support. By hosting data within the EU, Nextcloud ensures compliance with stringent data protection regulations, offering peace of mind to its users.
pCloud is a Swiss-based cloud storage solution that prioritizes data privacy and security. Offering various plans, it allows users to store, access, and manage files with strong encryption and flexible sharing options.
by Infomaniak
Infomaniak kDrive is a cloud storage and collaboration platform from Geneva-based Infomaniak, Switzerland's largest independent cloud provider. It offers 15 GB free (up to 106 TB on team plans), with real-time document collaboration via an integrated OnlyOffice editor, file versioning up to 100 versions, and end-to-end encryption. All data is stored exclusively in Infomaniak's Swiss data centers, powered by renewable energy.
by Koofr
Koofr is a secure and private European cloud storage solution that offers 10 GB of free storage forever. It provides seamless access across devices and integrates with existing cloud accounts for easy file management.
| Service | HQ Location | GDPR Native | EU Data Centers | CLOUD Act Free | Pricing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
๐บ๐ธOneDrive | United States | No | Partial | No | - |
| ๐ซ๐ทFenritec Alpha | FR | Yes | Yes | Yes | Freemium |
| ๐ฉ๐ชNextcloud | DE | Yes | Yes | Yes | freemium |
| ๐จ๐ญpCloud | CH | Yes | Yes | Yes | paid |
| ๐จ๐ญInfomaniak kDrive | CH | Yes | Yes | Yes | freemium |
| ๐ธ๐ฎKoofr | SI | Yes | Yes | Yes | freemium |
OneDrive is a US-based service operated by Microsoft. While it may have some GDPR compliance measures, as a US company it is subject to the CLOUD Act, which allows US authorities to access data stored by US companies regardless of where the data is physically located. This creates a fundamental conflict with GDPR requirements for data protection.
The main GDPR risks include: (1) Data transfers to the US may lack adequate protection since the Schrems II ruling invalidated Privacy Shield, (2) US authorities can demand access under the CLOUD Act, (3) Your organization may face GDPR fines up to 4% of annual revenue for non-compliant data transfers, and (4) User consent may not be sufficient to legitimize transfers given the systematic access by US authorities.
The top GDPR-compliant alternatives to OneDrive include Fenritec Alpha, Nextcloud, pCloud. These European services store your data in EU data centers and are fully subject to GDPR protections.
Most migrations involve three steps: (1) Export your data from OneDrive using their data export tools, (2) Create an account with your chosen EU alternative, and (3) Import your data into the new service. We provide detailed migration guides for each alternative to make the switch as smooth as possible.
Since the Schrems II ruling (2020), EU organizations face significant legal risk when using US cloud services like OneDrive. While the EU-US Data Privacy Framework (2023) provides a new legal basis, its long-term stability is uncertain. Many EU data protection authorities recommend using EU-based alternatives to avoid compliance risks entirely.
Some links on this page are affiliate links. We may earn a commission if you make a purchase, at no extra cost to you. This helps support our mission to promote European alternatives. Our recommendations are based on objective criteria.
Last updated: January 26, 2026
