What does encryption mean at each provider?
The same word covers different things. Tuta says all user data is stored end-to-end encrypted, except metadata such as the addresses of senders and recipients, which the email protocol needs; it does not use PGP but its own implementation, and you can send an encrypted email to someone outside Tuta by setting a password. Proton Mail says end-to-end encryption makes messages accessible only to you and your recipients. Mailfence, mailbox.org and eclipso build on OpenPGP in the webmail (mailbox.org and eclipso also on S/MIME), so you create or import keys without installing anything; eclipso includes this in its free plan. Posteo offers inbound encryption with PGP or S/MIME. At GMX, end-to-end encryption is an option you choose per email.
Sources: Tuta: security, Proton: trust, Mailfence, mailbox.org: security, eclipso, Posteo, GMX: security
Can you keep using your own mail app?
Tuta states that it does not offer IMAP, so you use its own apps. Proton Mail lists email client support via IMAP and SMTP. Posteo, mailbox.org, Mailfence, Migadu, Soverin, inbox.eu, Mailo and eclipso all name IMAP access on their own pages.
Sources: Tuta: security, Proton: pricing, Posteo, Migadu, Soverin, mailbox.org: terms, Mailfence, eclipso, inbox.eu: mail, Mailo: terms of use
Can you bring your own domain?
Posteo says own domains cannot be used with it. Most others allow it, usually on a paid plan: mailbox.org on its Standard and Premium plans, Proton Mail from Mail Plus with one custom domain, Tuta with unlimited aliases and a catch-all on the Revolutionary and Legend plans. Runbox, Mailfence and Soverin also support your own domain, and Hostpoint sells email on your own domain name bundled with a drive and a calendar.
Sources: Posteo: FAQ, mailbox.org: private, Proton: pricing, Tuta: pricing, Runbox: pricing, Mailfence, Soverin, Hostpoint
What do the free plans give you?
Most free plans give about 1 GB: Proton Mail, Tuta, Mailfence and Mailo all state 1 GB, and Proton's free plan has one address. eclipso Freemail has 4 GB, one address and no aliases, and may show ads. mail.de has two free options: FreeMail with 1 GB and advertising, or FreeMail Zero without advertising, with 500 MB and a limit of 25 sent emails a day. WEB.DE can be used free of charge if you consent to advertising tracking and personalised advertising, and it may delete the contents of free mailboxes not logged into for more than 180 days. Among paid plans, mail.de starts at €0.99 per month.
Sources: Proton: pricing, Tuta: pricing, Mailfence, eclipso, mail.de, WEB.DE: Datenschutz, Mailo, eclipso: European Gmail alternative
Is it a mailbox or an alias service?
SimpleLogin is not a mailbox. It forwards mail sent to your aliases to an inbox you already have, and replies go out from the alias so your real address stays hidden. Its free plan has 10 aliases and one mailbox.
Sources: SimpleLogin, SimpleLogin: pricing
Checked in September 2026 against the sources linked under each answer.